Chapter:30 QUESTION: 1
2 2. b
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3 3. f
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4 4. c
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5 5. e
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6 6. b
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7 7. l
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8 8. i
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9 9. k
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10 10. e
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11 11. a
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12 12. c
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13 13. g
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14 14. l
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15 15. b
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16 16. h
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17 17. f
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18 18. j
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19 19. d
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20 20. f
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21 21. j
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22 22. h
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23 23. e
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24 24. a
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25 25. c
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26 26. b
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27 27. d
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28 28. a
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29 29. a
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30 30. c
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31 31. c
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32 32. c
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33 33. b
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34 34. d
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35 35. a
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36 36. b
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37 37. a
38 38. a
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39 39. c
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40 40. a
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41 41. d
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42 42. a
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43 43. d
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44 44. a
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45 45. b
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46 46. c
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47 47. c
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48 48. b
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49 49. c
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50 50. b
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51 51. a
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52 52. c
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53 53. a
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54 54. c
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55 55. a
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56 56. d
57 57. a
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58 58. b
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59 59. b
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60 60. c
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61 61. b
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62 62. b
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63 63. d
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64 64. c
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65 65. b
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66 66. a
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67 67. b
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68 68. d
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69 69. a
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70 70. c
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71 71. c
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72 72. b
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73 73. a
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74 74. b
75 75. b
76 76. c
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77 77. c
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78 78. b
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79 79. b
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80 80. c
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81 81. b
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82 82. b
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83 83. d
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84 84. a
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85 85. b
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86 86. a
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87 87. d
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88 88. a
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89 89. c
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90 90. b
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91 91. c
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92 92. a
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93 93. b
94 94. a
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95 95. c
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96 96. a
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97 97. b
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98 98. d
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99 99. a
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100100. a
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101101. b
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102102. d
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103103. c
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104104. c
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105105. c
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106106. b
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107107. c
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108108. d
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109109. a
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110110. b
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111111. b
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112112. a
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113113. c
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114114. Because the population is large and the land area is limited, an emphasis on agriculture is necessary to feed the region's people. Many areas are well-suited to growing crops. Also, although industrialization is increasing, much of the region lacks the technology to develop other economic activity.
Chapter:30 QUESTION: 41
115115. Consequences might include possible food shortages, inadequate public services, and a decline in the overall quality of urban life.
Chapter:30 QUESTION: 42
116116. Natural barriers of mountains and water have prevented the development of nations in some areas. Dense rain forest, caused in part by the tropical wet climate, has hindered national development in Southeast Asia. History has played a part as well, as competition among nations interested in trade and power slowed the integration of nations.
Chapter:30 QUESTION: 43
117117. The climate of New Zealand is warmer and rainier than that of Australia because the islands are smaller. Although the countries have similar absolute locations, the large size of Australia causes a rain shadow in the interior of the country as the Great Dividing Range blocks moist winds off the Pacific, preventing moisture from reaching the interior. The small size of the islands of New Zealand allows the entire country to receive rainfall from the moist ocean air and allows the ocean to moderate temperatures.
Chapter:30 QUESTION: 44
118118. The war between the Nationalists and the Communists caused the Nationalist government of China to flee to Taiwan, where Chiang Kai-shek set up a provisional Chinese government. The Nationalists continued to be represented in the United Nations as the official Chinese government and were supported by Western countries. Meanwhile, the newly formed Communist state of China went unrecognized until official United Nations acceptance in 1971.
Chapter:31 QUESTION: 41
119119. The government has responded to dissent with violence. China put down calls for freedom in Tibet with force. Mao Zedong answered the detractors of his failed Great Leap Forward with the Cultural Revolution, which humiliated, imprisoned, and killed critics. The government silenced the protest in Tiananmen Square with military force.
Chapter:31 QUESTION: 42
120120. Deng Xiaoping's Four Modernization's gave people a taste for consumer goods, an enjoyment of modernization, and a desire to have more decision-making power. These ideas led many to a desire for greater freedom and for democracy.
Chapter:31 QUESTION: 43
121121. His statement about economic tolerance is inconsistent with his violent crackdown on the democratic protests and subsequent return to repressive policies.
Chapter:31 QUESTION: 44
122122. Japan imports raw materials and uses them to produce expensive, high-quality goods that it exports for profit; Japan's work force is highly educated, with Japanese employees being dedicated, cooperative, and loyal to their companies; Japan is now at the center of active trade networks; Japan's government has helped the economy by taking an active role in the country's business.
123123. North Korea has a Communist government, and South Korea has a non-Communist government. North Korea continues to evolve from an agricultural to an industrial society. The country has rich natural resources. However, because the government decides what and how much to produce, North Korea still lags far behind its neighbor in its standard of living and gross national product. South Korea is one of the new industrial powers of the region. Over the past several decades, the country has experienced an impressive rate of economic growth, the development of a new middle class, and an increase in its role in international trade and politics.
Chapter:32 QUESTION: 42
124124. The depression of 1929 took a terrible toll on Japanese industry. Many businesses were ruined, and unemployment soared. Military leaders
argued that the way to recovery was through more aggressive expansion in Asia. An overseas empire would provide Japan with markets, raw materials, and new land for its expanding population. As conditions grew worse, militarists were able to gain control of the government. In 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria, and in 1937, China.
Chapter:32 QUESTION: 43
125125. The lack of natural resources and raw materials was a serious obstacle to Japan's becoming an industrial power. The two major resources needed for industry, iron ore for steel and petroleum for energy, are practically nonexistent in Japan. As a result, Japan turned to imperialism in an effort to gain the resources it needed to power its developing economy. By 1910, Japan had won, through battle, territory and trading rights from China, Russia, and Korea.
Chapter:32 QUESTION: 44
126126. Japan is part of the Ring of Fire, a region of great tectonic activity along the rim of the Pacific Ocean, where earthquakes and volcanoes are common. In fact, Japan experiences more earthquakes than any other country in the world. An offshore earthquake can cause a tsunami, which can devastate coastal lands. Japan's island location also places the nation at risk for damage caused by typhoons. These tropical hurricanes, which occur from late summer to early fall, often cause floods and landslides.
Chapter:32 QUESTION: 45
127127. The United States sent Commodore Perry to Japan in 1853 to negotiate a trade agreement. Perry's request was backed up by a massive show of force. The Japanese knew that their weapons were no match for the warships, so they agreed to Perry's terms. During the next 15 years, Japan was forced to sign treaties with other Western nations as well. These unequal treaties gave all the economic advantages to foreigners.
Chapter:32 QUESTION: 46
128128. Chronic political instability has damaged these countries' economies in three ways. First, the upheaval and destruction of internal conflict harms the productivity of economic activities by disrupting the normal flow of production. Second, political instability discourages the flow of domestic and foreign investment in these countries' economic activities. Third, political instability forces the governments of these countries to focus almost exclusively on political problems, preventing them from providing an environment that would support healthy economic productivity.
129129. Inland roads and railroads, built to carry crops and other goods to the port cities for export to Europe, led to the growth of these port cities. As the port cities grew, they attracted large numbers of people from China and India. As a result, tensions sometimes developed between these new immigrants and native Southeast Asians.
Chapter:33 QUESTION: 33
130130. The ASEAN countries have benefited greatly from the change in their relative location in regard to world trade.
Chapter:33 QUESTION: 34
131131. The threat of communism to Thailand was very serious. Thailand's location bordering on the Indochina Peninsula put it right in the middle of the Communist revolution. The three countries on the Indochina PeninsulaÄÄVietnam, Cambodia, and LaosÄÄbecame Communist countries by the end of the Vietnam War. Myanmar, on Thailand's western border, is a country in political upheaval with a socialist economy. Thailand's agreement to provide bases for US bombing would have made the country a direct target of Communist forces. Thailand must have believed that only force could stop the threat.
Chapter:33 QUESTION: 35
132132. When Europeans arrived in the region and carved out their own colonies, they paid little attention to existing ethnic boundaries. As a result, hostile groups often were united into one colony, while others that had lived together peacefully for centuries were separated. When the colonies became independent after World War II, many thus inherited deep ethnic conflicts.
Chapter:33 QUESTION: 36
133133. Instead of ending the conflict, the peace conference laid the foundation for more fighting by dividing Vietnam into two parts. North Vietnam was left to the Communists under Ho Chi Minh. South Vietnam was headed by a pro-Western ruler. The Communists in North and South Vietnam wanted to reunite the two Vietnams. Another war soon began. Laos and Cambodia were also drawn into the fighting as Communists in these countries supplied the Communists in South Vietnam. By 1975, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos were all under Communist control.