GEO 101
Introduction to Geography
Multiple Choice Questions
Chapters 8 - 10
  1. An individual’s activity space is primarily affected by

    2. a. age, mobility and opportunity
    b. income, sex and ethnicity
    c. politics, religion and nationality
    d. health, education and employment
  2. When the effort involved in travel exceeds the willingness to travel, the principle in operation is

    3. a. distance decay
    b. activity space
    c. critical distance
    d. territoriality
  3. The concept of place utility refers to

    4. a. the perception of danger from natural hazards
    b. activity space boundary zones
    c. critical distance measurements
    d. the perception of opportunities and attractiveness
  4. Among the reasons for migrating, push factors

    5. a. draw migrants to specific locations
    b. reflect assessments of action space attraction
    c. affect international migration but not domestic relocation
    d. encourage relocation away from original residence areas
  5. People are often inclined to settle in areas of known natural hazards because

    6. a. specific hazards don’t occur with great frequency
    b. the probability of an event can be precisely stated and evaluated
    c. property insurance makes known dangers financially acceptable
    d. they are attracted to hazards
  6. The concept of activity space is useful for better understanding that each human

    7. a. has a territory which he/she is most familiar
    b. is confined to a region within which he/she interacts with others
    c. has an exact schedule or routine that he/she carries out within a specified region
    d. is busy doing those things that he/she must in order to live happily
  7. Which one of the following is/are NOT a barrier to interaction?

    8. a. political boundaries
    b. cost
    c. mountains
    d. computers
  8. Distance decay implies that

    9. a. long distances erode hierarchical diffusion
    b. short distances erode hierarchical diffusion
    c. short-distance contacts are more likely than long-distance contacts
    d. long-distance contacts are more likely than short-distance contacts
  9. A classification of objects into categories so that each category has an increasingly higher status is called

    10. a. environmental perception
    b. a hierarchy
    c. channelized migration
    d. spatial search
  10. Studies of the perceptions of natural hazards reveal that

    11. a. high-hazard areas are often desirable places in which to live
    b. people exaggerate their importance
    c. people living in an at-risk area are completely aware of risks involved
    d. prediction of uncommon events such as hazards is unusually accurate
  11. Which one of the following is a push factor?

    12. a. dissatisfaction with current job
    b. high-paying jobs elsewhere
    c. retirement community
    d. pleasant climate
  12. The value that an individual places on each known, potential migration site is called

    13. a. return migration
    b. channelized migration
    c. place utility
    d. spatial search
  13. Areas that dominate a locale’s in- and out-migration patterns constitute the

    14. a. place utility of an area
    b. spatial search required
    c. channelized pattern of flow
    d. migration field
  14. The impressions that people have from observation about the environment of local or distant areas is called

    15. a. environmental determinism
    b. environmental perception
    c. environmental geography
    d. environmentalism
  15. Mental maps most characteristically show

    16. a. impressions about places
    b. potential natural dangers
    c. precise measurements
    d. risks that are well worth taking
  16. Determination of the critical distance can be affected by

    17. a. health, education and welfare
    b. innovation, diffusion and acculturation
    c. cost, effort and time
    d. innovation decay
  17. The area in which people move about and carry on their daily activities is known as

    18. a. territoriality
    b. activity space
    c. cognition
    d. the area of critical mobility
  18. Reapportionment is an attempt to

    19. a. draw boundaries so that each voting district has an equal number of voters
    b. adjust boundaries of racially segregated school systems
    c. end the overrepresentation of metropolitan districts in state legislatures
    d. establish electoral districts that have roughly equal areas
  19. In contrast to a state, a nation

    20. a. is a political entity independent of any form of outside control over its domestic or foreign policy
    b. is a cultural concept implying a group of people occupying a particular territory and unified by shared beliefs
    c. is a territorial unit established by international agreement or military force
    d. implies only a segment of the earth’s surface containing a permanent population speaking the same language
  20. The Rio Grande, which forms part of the boundary between Mexico and the United States, is an example of

    21. a. an artificial boundary
    b. a water divide
    c. a relict boundary
    d. a natural boundary
  21. An example of gerrymandering would be establishing

    22. a. separate-but-equal attendance districts
    b. taxing bodies and districts based upon differential storm drainage and sewage problems
    c. voting districts to give one political party an unfair legislative advantage
    d. central city and suburban municipal boundaries
  22. The person who developed the ‘heartland theory" of geopolitics was

    23. a. Nicholas Spykman
    b. Friedrich Ratzel
    c. Halford Mackinder
    d. Alfred Mahan
  23. The dispute between Argentina and Chile over the precise location of the boundary between the two countries is an example of

    24. a. positional dispute
    b. territorial dispute
    c. resource dispute
    d. functional conflict
  24. A nation-state is a country

    25. a. whose territory is politically subdivided among two or more distinct ethnic groups
    b. whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a nation
    c. that in foreign affairs is under the control of another power
    d. that has a federal form of representative government
  25. An identification with the state and an acceptance of national goals is called

    26. a. regionalism
    b. nationalism
    c. iconography
    d. ethnocentrism
  26. The most destabilizing problem faced by very large countries is

    27. a. their potential great national wealth in a world community of poorer nations
    b. the temptation to use their military and economic might to dominate smaller powers
    c. having portions of their territory inaccessible, sparsely populated or hard to govern
    d. the difficulty in agreeing upon an official national language and form of government
  27. The Kurds, who are striving for political identity in parts of Turkey, Iran and Iraq, comprise a

    28. a. state
    b. nation
    c. nation-state
    d. colony
  28. The Arab world is described as

    29. a. a single nation comprising numerous states
    b. a single state comprising numerous nations
    c. numerous colonies and protectorates of the United States, Britain and France
    d. unorganized territories dominated by the United States, Britain and France
  29. Countries such as Poland and Uraguay, which are almost round in shape, are described as

    30. a. attenuated
    b. enclaved
    c. buffered
    d. compact
  30. The geographer who developed the "rimland theory" is

    31. a. Halford Mackinder
    b. Karl Haushofer
    c. Friedrich Ratzel
    d. Nicholas Spykman
  31. According to both the "heartland theory" and the "rimland theory" the chief areas of significance for world conquest would be

    32. a. Europe and Asia
    b. North America and South America
    c. Asia and Africa
    d. Europe and Oceania
  32. The original nucleus of a state that contains the capital city and the area of densest population is called the

    33. a. domain
    b. primary area
    c. core area
    d. tributary area
  33. Countries in which the capital is also the primate city include

    34. a. the United States and Canada
    b. Great Britain and France
    c. Pakistan and Turkey
    d. Australia and Brazil
  34. According to the Von Thunen model, the most important determinant of the location of agricultural production is the

    35. a. distance between the consuming center and the production site
    b. soil fertility of the production zone
    c. demand at the consuming center
    d. development of intervening opportunity
  35. Weber’s analysis of location decisions

    36. a. concentrates on a single factor of production
    b. seeks a least-cost balance between the multiple inputs of production
    c. is applicable only to commercial economies
    d. depends upon the availability of multiple nodes and links
  36. Intensive subsistence agriculture is characterized by

    37. a. equal emphasis upon crops and animals
    b. farms that specialize in producing a single crop
    c. high first-year yields, followed by production declines and land abandonment
    d. high yields per unit of cultivated land
  37. The Green Revolution

    38. a. refers to rebellions of Third World peasant farmers
    b. increases output through the use of high-yielding crop varieties and altered management practices
    c. has initiated a reverse flow of population from urban slums to newly productive farmlands
    d. has made traditional peasant agricultural practices more secure and scientific
  38. The totality of physical facilities and public services existing at a place are known as that locale’s

    39. a. service framework
    b. operational medium
    c. infrastructure
    d. support base
  39. Secondary industry differs from tertiary activity in that

    40. a. secondary activity is raw material oriented, tertiary industry is footloose
    b. secondary industry gives form utility, tertiary activity provides place utility
    c. secondary industry is footloose, tertiary activity is site-specific
    d. secondary activity is ubiquitous, tertiary industry is market oriented
  40. The source region for the diffusion of industrialization throughout the world was

    41. a. the United States
    b. China
    c. Western Europe
    d. the Near East
  41. Which of the following is NOT a primary activity?

    42. a. agriculture
    b. forestry
    c. mining
    d. education
  42. The category of agriculture that involves "burned clearings" and rotation of fields, instead of crops, is called

    43. a. perestroika
    b. swidden
    c. nomadism
    d. commune farming
  43. Which one of the following types of farming is classified as extensive commercial?

    44. a. livestock-grain farming
    b. livestock ranching
    c. dairying
    d. truck farming
  44. Which one of the following characteristics is most unique to intensive subsistence agriculture?

    45. a. production geared to international markets
    b. use of the plow
    c. large input of labor on small plots of land
    d. high capital intensity
  45. The Ganges of India and the Yangtze in China are river valleys important for the production of

    46. a. rice
    b. manioc
    c. corn
    d. wheat
  46. Which of the following types of farming is the shortest distance from its market area, according to the von Thunen model?

    47. a. cash grain and livestock
    b. extensive grain farming
    c. mixed farming
    d. dairy farming
  47. What are the three most important considerations determining the optimal location of a manufacturing plant, according to Weberian analysis?

    48. a. land costs, taxation, cost of living
    b. financial inducements, construction costs, capital intensity
    c. transportation costs, labor costs, agglomeration economies
    d. raw material costs, energy costs, industrial water supply
  48. Of the following, the state with the highest concentration of high-tech industry is

    49. a. California
    b. Ohio
    c. Pennsylvania
    d. Florida
  49. In free market economies, the location of industry is primarily determined by

    50. a. transportation costs
    b. profit-maximizing considerations
    c. governmental goals
    d. market locations
  50. A maquiladora is a Mexican

    51. a. industrial crop
    b. border industry
    c. coastal industry
    d. ubiquitous industry